Hardware Enablement Stacks
And why should I care? А зачем мне об этом беспокоиться?
Starting Aug 8, 2014 systems running 12.04.2 HWE, 12.04.3 HWE, or 12.04.4 HWE will no longer receive software updates for the kernel and, if you're running it, the graphics stack.
Начиная с 8 августа 2014 системы с 12.04.2 HWE, 12.04.3 HWE или 12.04.4 HWE больше не будут получать обновлений для ядра и, если он у вас используется, графического стека.
How do I know if I'm affected? Как узнать, что меня это касается?
You can: Вы можете:
Tool Утилита
The tool is called 'hwe-support-status ' and it will be available first in the -proposed and then in the -updates repositories:
Утилита называется 'hwe-support-status ' и становится доступна сначала в репозиториях -proposed, а затем в -updates:
It will become available in package 'update-manager-core '.
Она будет доступна в пакете 'update-manager-core '.
Get it from Launchpad if you want it earlier:
Если она понадобится вам раньше, можете получить её с Launchpad:
Notes on this tool:
Примечания по работе с этой утилитой:
Packages
Check your running kernel version:
Проверьте версию вашего ядра:
This method does not check for a graphics stack HWE. However, you cannot get a HWE graphics stack without a corresponding HWE kernel unless you've done things manually. Note that such a combination (HWE graphics with non-HWE kernel) is not supported.
What to do if I'm affected?
You have three options:
У вас есть три варианта:
1. Install 12.04.5 HWE (Trusty kernel/graphics)
The hwe-support-status tool will tell you what you need to do.
Инструмент hwe-support-status сообщит вам, что нужно делать.
2. Upgrade to 14.04 LTS
The hwe-support-status tool will tell you what you need to do.
Инструмент hwe-support-status сообщит вам, что нужно делать.
If you want to upgrade a desktop system to 14.04 before July 16, 2014 (the date at which all necessary software components are in the regular -updates repository) you will need to invoke update-manager from the command line:
Если вы хотите обновить систему для настольных компьютеров до 14.04 раньше 16 июля 2014 г. (в этот день все необходимые программные компоненты попадают в стандартные репозитории -updates), вам понадобится запустить update-manager из командной строки:
For both servers and desktops it's strongly recommended to ensure a system is in a good state before upgrading. Here are some tips:
И для серверов, и для ПК настоятельно рекомендуется убедиться перед обновлением, что система находится в хорошем состоянии. Вот некоторые советы:
3. Fresh install of 14.04 LTS "Чистая" установка 14.04 LTS
Redeploy with a fresh copy of Ubuntu 14.04 LTS .
Установите на компьютер свежую копию Ubuntu 14.04 LTS .
FAQ Вопросы и ответы
Not true. Such a system will only stop receiving updates for the kernel and the graphics stack. The rest of the software will continue to get updates. Это не так. Такая система лишь перестанет получать обновления для ядра и графического стека. Остальное ПО по-прежнему будет обновляться.
Not true. 12.04.3 is not 12.04.3 HWE. And since HWE (and thus a new kernel series) cannot be introduced through regular package updates it is possible to update a non-HWE system to arrive at a later point release, such as 12.04.3, and still preserve the EOL date of April 2017. Неверно. 12.04.3 — это не 12.04.3 HWE. And since HWE (and thus a new kernel series) cannot be introduced through regular package updates it is possible to update a non-HWE system to arrive at a later point release, such as 12.04.3, and still preserve the EOL date of April 2017.
How to Get Linux Kernel 5.0 in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
The recently released Ubuntu 18.04.3 includes Linux Kernel 5.0 among several new features and improvements but you won’t get it by default. This tutorial demonstrates how to get Linux Kernel 5 in Ubuntu 18.04 LTS.
The third point release of Ubuntu 18.04 is here and it brings new stable versions of GNOME component, livepatch desktop integration and kernel 5.0.
But wait! What is a point release? Let me explain it to you first.
Ubuntu LTS point release
Ubuntu 18.04 was released in April 2018 and since it’s a long term support (LTS) release, it will be supported till 2023. There have been a number of bug fixes, security updates and software upgrades since then. If you download Ubuntu 18.04 today, you’ll have to install all those updates as one of the first things to do after installing Ubuntu 18.04.
That, of course, is not an ideal situation. This is why Ubuntu provides these “point releases”. A point release consists of all the feature and security updates along with the bug fixes that has been added since the initial release of the LTS version. If you download Ubuntu today, you’ll get Ubuntu 18.04.3 instead of Ubuntu 18.04. This saves the trouble of downloading and installing hundreds of updates on a newly installed Ubuntu system.
Okay! So now you know the concept of point release. How do you upgrade to these point releases? The answer is simple. Just update your Ubuntu system like you normally do and you’ll be already on the latest point release.
You can check Ubuntu version to see which point release you are using. I did a check and since I was on Ubuntu 18.04.3, I assumed that I would have gotten Linux kernel 5 as well. When I check the Linux kernel version, it was still the base kernel 4.15.
Ubuntu Version And Linux Kernel Version Check
Why is that? If Ubuntu 18.04.3 has Linux kernel 5.0 then why does it still have Linux Kernel 4.15? It’s because you have to manually ask for installing the new kernel in Ubuntu LTS by opting for LTS Enablement Stack popularly known as HWE.
Get Linux Kernel 5.0 in Ubuntu 18.04 with Hardware Enablement Stack
By default, Ubuntu LTS release stay on the same Linux kernel they were released with. The hardware enablement stack (HWE) provides newer kernel and xorg support for existing Ubuntu LTS release.
Things have been changed recently. If you downloaded Ubuntu 18.04.2 or newer desktop version, HWE is enabled for you and you’ll get the new kernel along with the regular updates by default.
For server versions and people who downloaded 18.04 and 18.04.1, you’ll have to install the HWE kernel. Once you do that, you’ll get the newer kernel releases provided by Ubuntu to the LTS version.
To install HWE kernel in Ubuntu desktop along with newer xorg, you can use this command in the terminal:
If you are using Ubuntu Server edition, you won’t have the xorg option. So just install the HWE kernel in Ubutnu server:
Once you finish installing the HWE kernel, restart your system. Now you should have the newer Linux kernel.
Are you getting kernel 5.0 in Ubuntu 18.04?
Do note that HWE is enabled for people who downloaded and installed Ubuntu 18.04.2. So these users will get Kernel 5.0 without any trouble.
Should you go by the trouble of enabling HWE kernel in Ubuntu? It’s entirely up to you. Linux Kernel 5.0 has several performance improvement and better hardware support. You’ll get the benefit of the new kernel.
What do you think? Will you install kernel 5.0 or will you rather stay on the kernel 4.15?
How To Install The Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS Hardware Enablement Stack (HWE)
Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS was released on Friday for Desktop, Server and Cloud. This point release includes application updates, bug fixes, and a new hardware enablement stack.
[[Edit]] Ubuntu 18.04.4 is out, and with it an updated Hardware Enablement Stack.
Let me quickly explain what «point release» and «hardware enablement stack» mean. An Ubuntu LTS (Long Term Support) point release contains bug fixes and package updates since the initial release, as well as support for newer hardware through a hardware enablement stack. A LTS hardware enablement stack (HWE) provides newer kernel and X for an existing Ubuntu LTS release.
In the first hardware enablement stack (18.04.2) for Ubuntu 18.04, the kernel and X are backported from Ubuntu 18.10. In the second HWE, released in August 2019 (18.04.3), the kernel and X packages will be backported from Ubuntu 19.04. For the Ubuntu 18.04.4 hardware enablement stack, the kernel and X packages are backported from Ubuntu 19.10. You can view an Ubuntu 18.04.x kernel support schedule here.
If you’re already using Ubuntu 18.04 with all available updates installed, you already have the fixes and package updates from the Ubuntu 18.04.4 release, but not the Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS hardware enablement stack.
If you want to use the LTS hardware enablement stack on Ubuntu 18.04 desktop, you can install it using (this always install the latest HWE, version 18.04.4 right now):
On Ubuntu 18.04 server only install the hardware enablement stack kernel package (this always install the latest HWE, version 18.04.4 right now):
Reboot your system after the installation is completed.
[[Edit: The latest HWE for Ubuntu 18.04 is 18.04.4]] This installs a newer kernel (it installs Linux 5.3; the first iteration of Ubuntu 18.04 used Linux 4.15) and X (it installs version 1.20.5+git; initially Ubuntu 18.04 used version 1.19.6).
If you’ve installed a previous (not the latest version) HWE, like the Ubuntu 18.04.3 hardware enablement stack, you’ll receive an update (like for any other package) for the latest Ubuntu 18.04.4 HWE. That’s because the hardware enablement stack packages are called the same for every Ubuntu 18.04 point release (.2, .3, or .4). So there’s no need to install any extra packages to get the latest hardware enablement stack if you’ve installed these packages previously, you just have to install all available system updates.
If you want to check the date until your system is supported by Canonical, and see if you have a hardware enablement stack installed, you can use this command:
This is output of the hwe-support-status —verbose command in Ubuntu 18.04, without and with the LTS hardware enablement stack installed:
Install ubuntu server with the hwe kernel что это
The HWE path can be obtained in 2 ways:
And why should I care? А зачем мне об этом беспокоиться?
Starting Aug 8, 2014 systems running 12.04.2 HWE, 12.04.3 HWE, or 12.04.4 HWE will no longer receive software updates for the kernel and, if you’re running it, the graphics stack.
How do I know if I’m affected? Как узнать, что меня это касается?
The tool is called ‘hwe-support-status ‘ and it will be available first in the -proposed and then in the -updates repositories:
It will become available in package ‘update-manager-core ‘.
Get it from Launchpad if you want it earlier:
Notes on this tool:
Packages
Check your running kernel version:
This method does not check for a graphics stack HWE. However, you cannot get a HWE graphics stack without a corresponding HWE kernel unless you’ve done things manually. Note that such a combination (HWE graphics with non-HWE kernel) is not supported.
What to do if I’m affected?
You have three options:
1. Install 12.04.5 HWE (Trusty kernel/graphics)
The hwe-support-status tool will tell you what you need to do.
2. Upgrade to 14.04 LTS
The hwe-support-status tool will tell you what you need to do.
If you want to upgrade a desktop system to 14.04 before July 16, 2014 (the date at which all necessary software components are in the regular -updates repository) you will need to invoke update-manager from the command line:
For both servers and desktops it’s strongly recommended to ensure a system is in a good state before upgrading. Here are some tips:
3. Fresh install of 14.04 LTS «Чистая» установка 14.04 LTS
Redeploy with a fresh copy of Ubuntu 14.04 LTS .
Not true. 12.04.3 is not 12.04.3 HWE. And since HWE (and thus a new kernel series) cannot be introduced through regular package updates it is possible to update a non-HWE system to arrive at a later point release, such as 12.04.3, and still preserve the EOL date of April 2017. Неверно. 12.04.3 – это не 12.04.3 HWE. And since HWE (and thus a new kernel series) cannot be introduced through regular package updates it is possible to update a non-HWE system to arrive at a later point release, such as 12.04.3, and still preserve the EOL date of April 2017.