[Solved]: Python IndexError: tuple index out of range
In Python, lists, tuples are indexed. It means each value in a tuple is associated with index position (0 to n-1) to access that value. Where N represent the total number of values in list or tuple. When user try access an item in a tuple that is out of range the Python returns an error that says “IndexError: tuple index out of range”.
Example: IndexError: tuple index out of range
Lets consider a below example for tuple of fruits. Where index of value start from 0 and up to (number of element -1).
This tuple fruits is having five values and each element is associated with index number as below:
| Apple | Banana | Grapes | Papaya | Litchi |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
To access the value “Grapes” from fruits tuple, we would use this code:
Our code returns: Grapes. here we accessing the value at the index position 2 and print it to the console. Same way we can try with other values in tuple.
Now lets consider an example to create this IndexError, Try to access value by using index value out of range (3 to 6) where index position 5 is out of range and this example will throw exception as “IndexError: tuple index out of range“.
Output
Our code prints out the values Grapes, Papaya and Litchi. These are the last three values in our tuple. Then throw exception as “IndexError: tuple index out of range” because index position 5 is out of the range for elements in the tuple.
The Solution
Our range() statement creates a list of numbers between the range of 2 and 6. This number list is inclusive of 2 and exclusive of 6. Our fruits tuble is only indexed up to 4. This means that our loop range will try to access a fruit at the index position 5 in our tuple because 5 is in our range.
Now lets try to run this below updated program for loop range 2 to 5 then observe the result. To learn more on for loop follow link Python: for loop
Output
Our code successfully prints out the last three items in our list because now accessing items at the index positions 2, 3, and 4 which is in range of fruit tuple indexes.
Conclusion
The IndexError: tuple index out of range error occurs when you try to access an item in a tuple that does not exist. To solve this problem, make sure that whenever you access an item from a tuple that the item for which you are looking exists.
To learn more on exception handling follow the link Python: Exception Handling.
If this blog for solving IndexError help you to resolve problem make comment or if you know other way to handle this problem write in comment so that it will help others.
Python IndexError- Tuple Index Out of Range Solution
Programming always comes at the cost of errors. Some of them are diabolic and are pretty tricky to deal with, even if you know the position of the error. There are many types of mistakes in a program- one of the most popular errors is the Python IndexError. IndexError refers to incorrect indexing of a variable. If you encounter an IndexError, you have probably given an index to that tuple that does not exist. To rectify it, check the index of the variable, or check the loop range if you are using a loop.
What is a Tuple?
A tuple is a collection of data in a single variable. A tuple can store multiple values within it. The values are separated by commas and are included in the first brackets.
An example of a tuple is as follows:
tup = (‘a’, ‘b’, 12, 16.45, ‘ab’)
As we can see, a tuple may contain anything, from a character and string to a number and float value.
Tuple vs. List
A list is similar to a tuple, but there is one fundamental difference. Here is an example of a list:
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lst = [‘a’, ‘b’, 12, 16.45, ‘ab’]
A list also contains multiple values inside it and is bound by third brackets. The primary difference between a list and a tuple is that a list is mutable, but a tuple is not. It means that a list can be modified, but a value in a tuple cannot be modified once it has been created.
Indexing works similarly in lists and tuples. So, if you get the list index out of range, this solution will work for that too.
Indexing
Indexing is the method of calling one of the data in the list or tuple. For example, imagine you are in a queue, and everyone has a numbered token. The token number is the identity of yourself in the queue.
Similarly, data in a list or tuple are numbered based on their positions. The numbering starts from 0. So, the first element in the list has the number 0, the second element has the number 1, etc. Thus, when you want to use an element from a list, you can call it using its positional number, i.e., the index value.
How to Use Index Values
Let’s take an example. We will use the previously mentioned tuple.
tup = (‘a’, ‘b’, 12, 16.45, ‘ab’)
In this tuple, there are five elements in total. Suppose we need to do some work with the fourth element, i.e., the float value 16.45.
In that case, we call this element using its index number. Here is how we can do it.
The index number of the fourth element is 3 since indexing starts from 0. So once we write the above line, the variable var gets the value 16.45. tup[3] means to get the fourth value of the tuple ‘tup.’
A similar thing can be done using lists.
Error: Index Out of Range
Index out of range is one of the most challenging errors to solve, and it becomes even more difficult if there are multiple loops in a program.
Let’s understand why this error occurs. We use the same tuple to explain. Suppose we write:
tup = (‘a’, ‘b’, 12, 16.45, ‘ab’)
This will fetch an index out of range error. The reason is simple. There are five elements in the tuple. The index of the last element is 4. But var demands the element with index 5. Since no such element is present in the tuple, Python shows this error.
It’s easy enough to fix the problem here. But when things get complicated, the problem arises.
Index Out of Range Error in Loops
tup = (‘a’, ‘b’, 12, 16.45, ‘ab’)
for i in range(10):
This will also give index out-of-range error. In this case, we use a for loop, and the index is changing every time the for loop is encountered.
The for loop has a range of 0 to 10. So i range from 0 to 10. For the first four times, the loop works perfectly, printing the results, but then, it fails because the situation becomes this: print tup[5], print tup[6], and so on.
The problem is that the error only tells you the line where the problem occurs. It does not tell you why. Therefore, it is up to the programmer to find and debug this error by looking at the range of all the loops used in the program.
How to Avoid Python Error: Index Out of Range
While it seems difficult to find and solve the index out-of-range error, we can avoid this error while writing a program. Here are some ways you can prevent it.
Suppose you need to print all the values in a tuple, but you don’t know the size of the tuple. In this case, if you write:
for i in range(10):
The program will throw an error (assuming that you have assumed that the tuple size is 10). Hence, assuming a size and using it in the loop is useless.
In this case, we can write:
for i in range(len(tup)):
Here, len(tup) gives the size of the tuple, i.e., the number of elements present in it. The len(tup) will return 5.
If we use lengths of tuples as a range for loops, there should not be any index out-of-range error. But there are times when we use multiple indexing methods from multiple tuples or lists within a single loop. In that case, it is better to be careful about this error while using indexing. Also, you must not be scared of this error. It can be fixed by the simple method of checking the range of loops so that the index value does not go out of bounds.
Negative Indexing
Giving a negative value in an index is allowed. A negative index value starts counting from the reverse. Unlike positive indexing, which starts from 0, negative indexing starts from 1. Thus, the last value has index -1, while the first value has index –(len(tup)).
From the table, you can understand how indexing works.
Using the tup example,
Hence, negative indexing has a different value from positive indexing. You need to keep this in mind while using negative indexing in loops.
Other Types of Errors
- Invalid Syntax: This is the most common error in python. It happens when you write a syntax wrong. E.g. if you write for i in range (2) instead of for i in range(2), it will produce an error. This happens because the syntax (style of writing) is not perfect.
- Variable is not defined: This happens when you use a variable not previously defined. This mostly occurs due to typo and can be easily fixed by correcting the name of the variable. E.g. if we define tup and then write var = put[5], the program encounters error put is not defined
- Object not callable/subscriptable: This occurs when you do something with a type of object that you are not supposed to. E.g. if we write
This will produce what we call a TypeError. It will show int object is not subscriptable. Sure enough, you cannot treat an integer as a string and break it into parts to extract a single digit.
These are some of the popular troublesome errors Python users face daily. However, it is important to note that having errors does not mean you are bad at programming. In fact, solving programming errors is fun, entertaining, and rewarding!
Conclusion
Programming may be fun, but sometimes errors spring up that can make a coder’s day a nightmare. One such example is the Python IndexError: tuple index out of range. This can also be encountered while using lists. The logic behind this error is pretty simple.
Solving the errors requires you to understand the indexing techniques and range used in loops if any. In case of any errors, a program stops its execution there, so there may be more such errors lying after that line. Lastly, having an idea about positive and negative indexing can be helpful when it comes to solving this error. Big programs have lots of variables using indexing techniques. Hence, a programmer must be careful in using indexes to avoid this error.
Frequently Asked Questions
- How to deal with different errors in Python?
Each error has different a solution. NameError needs you to check the names of the variables. TypeError needs you to check the usage of an element. SyntaxError needs you to correct the wrong syntax in that particular line.
IndexError: tuple index out of range —— Python
Please Help me. I’m running a simple python program that will display the data from mySQL database in a tkinter form.
Thats the whole program.
Can anyone help me. im new in python.
Thank you so much.
4 Answers 4
Probably one of the indices is wrong, either the inner one or the outer one.
I suspect you meant to say [0] where you said [1] , and [1] where you said [2] . Indices are 0-based in Python.
A tuple consists of a number of values separated by commas. like
tuple are index based (and also immutable) in Python.
Here in this case x = rows[1][1] + » » + rows[1][2] have only two index 0, 1 available but you are trying to access the 3rd index.
This is because your row variable/tuple does not contain any value for that index. You can try printing the whole list like print(row) and check how many indexes there exists.
I received the same error with
query = "INSERT INTO table(field1, field2. ) VALUES (%s,%s. )"
but in the statement
cursor.execute(query, (field1, field2. )
I had delivered less variables as necessary.
In this case I used
I just wanted to say that this is also possible. not only in arrays
(I didn’t have a very close look at this specific case. )
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Fix Indexerror: Tuple Index Out Of Range in Python
Python is a language that has a variety of projects to try to learn. When you are learning and trying to execute commands, you may encounter some errors, and IndexError: tuple index out of range is one of these.
The IndexError occurs when you call an index value that is out of range. So, for any error that starts with IndexError, you need to know it’s about the index value.
Let’s checkout how to fix IndexError: tuple index out of range
How to fix IndexError: tuple index out of range?
This IndexError occurs when you are trying to access an item that doesn’t exist in a tuple. Let’s take a look at the methods and examples to solve IndexError: tuple index out of range
Use Indexing Method
For indexing, the basic concept is that each value in the tuple is linked with the index position to access the value. Index position is from 0 to n-1, where N is the total number of tuple’s values.
Example
| 1 | cars= (‘Bentley’, ‘Mercedes’, ‘Audi’, ‘BMW’, ‘Lexus’) |
Having index numbers:
| Bentley | Mercedes | Audi | BMW | Lexus |
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
To obtain the value of ‘Mercedes’ from the tuple, write
Use Length Method
The Len() is used to obtain the length of a tuple. Take a look at the example
Error message
The function counts the tuple length as ‘5’, whereas the loop runs 6 times from value i=0 to i=5, which is why we get out of range.
Solutions
Output
Use range() Method
In the range() method, we provide a specific range of values in the tuple. Its function is to create a list of numbers between the provided range to iterate the items present in our list, which has index numbers in that range.
Example
Error message
It can’t print the value because out of the range.
Solution
We need to revise the range() . It should be from 2 to 6
Output
Use the try/except method
In this method two possibilities are provided to the program; try or except/catch . Let’s look at the example
Output
Use enumerate() method
To iterate over a tuple, the best solution is to use enumerate() function. It is known to return enumerate object with a tuple by taking an iterable. Let’s check the example
Output
Conclusion
With this, I wish you happy coding without IndexError: tuple index out of range!