Как перевести string в int sql
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Как перевести string в int sql

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How to convert String to INT

To convert a String to INT uses sql conversion functions like cast or convert.

Syntax

CAST ( expression AS datatype [ ( length ) ] )

CONVERT ( datatype [ ( length ) ] , expression [ , style ] )

Examples

SELECT CAST(» AS INT);
SELECT CAST(‘789’ AS INT);

SELECT CAST(CAST (‘12345.67’ AS NUMERIC) AS INT);
SELECT CAST(CAST (‘12345.6789’ AS NUMERIC(19,4)) AS INT);

SELECT CONVERT(INT, ‘123’);
SELECT CONVERT(INT, CONVERT(NUMERIC, ‘123.45’));
SELECT CONVERT(INT, CONVERT(NUMERIC(19,4), ‘123.45’));

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CAST and CONVERT (Transact-SQL)

These functions convert an expression of one data type to another.

. image type=»icon» source=»../../includes/media/topic-link-icon.svg» border=»false». Transact-SQL syntax conventions

The target data type. This includes xml, bigint, and sql_variant. Alias data types can’t be used.

An optional integer that specifies the length of the target data type, for data types that allow a user specified length. The default value is 30.

An integer expression that specifies how the CONVERT function will translate expression. For a style value of NULL, NULL is returned. data_type determines the range.

Returns expression, translated to data_type.

Date and time styles

For a date or time data type expression, style can have one of the values shown in the following table. Other values are processed as 0. Beginning with [!INCLUDEssSQL11], the only styles supported, when converting from date and time types to datetimeoffset, are 0 or 1. All other conversion styles return error 9809.

[!NOTE]
[!INCLUDEssNoVersion] supports the date format, in Arabic style, with the Kuwaiti algorithm.

Without century (yy) 1 With century (yyyy) Standard Input/output 3
0 or 100 1, 2 Default for datetime and smalldatetime mon dd yyyy hh:miAM (or PM )
1 101 U.S. 1 = mm/dd/yy
101 = mm/dd/yyyy
2 102 ANSI 2 = yy.mm.dd
102 = yyyy.mm.dd
3 103 British/French 3 = dd/mm/yy
103 = dd/mm/yyyy
4 104 German 4 = dd.mm.yy
104 = dd.mm.yyyy
5 105 Italian 5 = dd-mm-yy
105 = dd-mm-yyyy
6 106 1 6 = dd mon yy
106 = dd mon yyyy
7 107 1 7 = Mon dd, yy
107 = Mon dd, yyyy
8 or 24 108 hh:mi:ss
9 or 109 1, 2 Default + milliseconds mon dd yyyy hh:mi:ss:mmmAM (or PM )
10 110 USA 10 = mm-dd-yy
110 = mm-dd-yyyy
11 111 JAPAN 11 = yy/mm/dd
111 = yyyy/mm/dd
12 112 ISO 12 = yymmdd
112 = yyyymmdd
13 or 113 1, 2 Europe default + milliseconds dd mon yyyy hh:mi:ss:mmm (24-hour)
14 114 hh:mi:ss:mmm (24-hour)
20 or 120 2 ODBC canonical yyyy-mm-dd hh:mi:ss (24-hour)
21 or 25 or 121 2 ODBC canonical (with milliseconds) default for time, date, datetime2, and datetimeoffset yyyy-mm-dd hh:mi:ss.mmm (24-hour)
22 U.S. mm/dd/yy hh:mi:ss AM (or PM )
23 ISO8601 yyyy-mm-dd
126 4 ISO8601 yyyy-mm-ddThh:mi:ss.mmm (no spaces) 6
127 8, 9 ISO8601 with time zone Z yyyy-MM-ddThh:mm:ss.fffZ (no spaces) 6
130 1, 2 Hijri 5 dd mon yyyy hh:mi:ss:mmmAM 7
131 2 Hijri 5 dd/mm/yyyy hh:mi:ss:mmmAM

1 These style values return nondeterministic results. Includes all ( yy ) (without century) styles and a subset of ( yyyy ) (with century) styles.

2 The default values (0 or 100, 9 or 109, 13 or 113, 20 or 120, 23, and 21 or 25 or 121) always return the century ( yyyy ).

[!IMPORTANT]
By default, [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] interprets two-digit years based on a cutoff year of 2049. That means that [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] interprets the two-digit year 49 as 2049 and the two-digit year 50 as 1950. Many client applications, including those based on Automation objects, use a cutoff year of 2030. [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] provides the two digit year cutoff configuration option to change the cutoff year used by [!INCLUDEssNoVersion]. This allows for the consistent treatment of dates. We recommend specifying four-digit years.

3 Input when you convert to datetime; output when you convert to character data.

4 Designed for XML use. For conversion from datetime or smalldatetime to character data, see the previous table for the output format.

5 Hijri is a calendar system with several variations. [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] uses the Kuwaiti algorithm.

6 For a milliseconds ( mmm ) value of 0, the millisecond decimal fraction value won’t display. For example, the value 2022-11-07T18:26:20.000 displays as 2022-11-07T18:26:20 .

7 In this style, mon represents a multi-token Hijri unicode representation of the full month name. This value doesn’t render correctly on a default US installation of SSMS.

8 Only supported when casting from character data to datetime or smalldatetime. When casting character data representing only date or only time components to the datetime or smalldatetime data types, the unspecified time component is set to 00:00:00.000 , and the unspecified date component is set to 1900-01-01 .

9 Use the optional time zone indicator Z to make it easier to map XML datetime values that have time zone information to [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] datetime values that have no time zone. Z indicates time zone at UTC-0. The HH:MM offset, in the + or — direction, indicates other time zones. For example: 2022-12-12T23:45:12-08:00 .

When converting smalldatetime to character data, the styles that include seconds or milliseconds show zeros in these positions. When converting from datetime or smalldatetime values, use an appropriate char or varchar data type length to truncate unwanted date parts.

When converting character data to datetimeoffset, using a style that includes a time, a time zone offset is appended to the result.

float and real styles

For a float or real expression, style can have one of the values shown in the following table. Other values are processed as 0.

money and smallmoney styles

For a money or smallmoney expression, style can have one of the values shown in the following table. Other values are processed as 0.

For an xml expression, style can have one of the values shown in the following table. Other values are processed as 0.

If enabled, the server can use the following information that is provided in an internal DTD subset, to perform nonvalidating parse operations.

— Defaults for attributes are applied
— Internal entity references are resolved and expanded
— The DTD content model is checked for syntactical correctness

For a binary(n), char(n), varbinary(n), or varchar(n) expression, style can have one of the values shown in the following table. Style values not listed in the table will return an error.

If the length of the converted expression exceeds the length of the data_type, the result is right truncated.

Fixed length data_types larger than the converted result has zeros added to the right of the result.

A data_type of type character requires a binary expression. Each binary character is converted into two hexadecimal characters. Suppose the length of the converted expression exceeds the length of the data_type. In that case, it’s truncated.

For a fixed size character type data_type, if the length of the converted result is less than its length of the data_type, spaces are added to the right of the converted expression to maintain an even number of hexadecimal digits.

Implicit conversions don’t require specification of either the CAST function or the CONVERT function. Explicit conversions require specification of the CAST function or the CONVERT function. The following illustration shows all explicit and implicit data type conversions allowed for [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] system-supplied data types. These include bigint, and sql_variant, and xml. There is no implicit conversion on assignment from the sql_variant data type, but there is implicit conversion to sql_variant.

[!TIP]
The Microsoft Download Center has this chart available for download as a PNG file.

. image type=»content» source=»../data-types/media/cast-and-convert-transact-sql/data-type-conversions.png» alt-text=»Diagram showing a table of the possible data type conversions.».

The above chart illustrates all the explicit and implicit conversions that are allowed in [!INCLUDEssNoVersion], but the resulting data type of the conversion depends on the operation being performed:

  • For explicit conversions, the statement itself determines the resulting data type.
  • For implicit conversions, assignment statements such as setting the value of a variable or inserting a value into a column will result in the data type that was defined by the variable declaration or column definition.
  • For comparison operators or other expressions, the resulting data type will depend on the rules of data type precedence.

When you convert between datetimeoffset and the character types char, nchar, nvarchar, and varchar, the converted time zone offset part should always have double digits for both HH and MM . For example, -08:00 .

Because Unicode data always uses an even number of bytes, use caution when you convert binary or varbinary to or from Unicode supported data types. For example, the following conversion doesn’t return a hexadecimal value of 41. It returns a hexadecimal value of 4100:

Large-value data types

Large-value data types have the same implicit and explicit conversion behavior as their smaller counterparts — specifically, the nvarchar, varbinary, and varchar data types. However, consider the following guidelines:

  • Conversion from image to varbinary(max), and vice-versa, operates as an implicit conversion, as do conversions between text and varchar(max), and ntext and nvarchar(max).
  • Conversion from large-value data types, such as varchar(max), to a smaller counterpart data type, such as varchar, is an implicit conversion, but truncation occurs if the size of the large value exceeds the specified length of the smaller data type.
  • Conversion from nvarchar, varbinary, or varchar to their corresponding large-value data types happens implicitly.
  • Conversion from the sql_variant data type to the large-value data types is an explicit conversion.
  • Large-value data types can’t be converted to the sql_variant data type.

For more information about conversion from the xml data type, see Create Instances of XML Data.

When you explicitly or implicitly cast the xml data type to a string or binary data type, the content of the xml data type is serialized based on a defined set of rules. For information about these rules, see Define the Serialization of XML Data. For information about conversion from other data types to the xml data type, see Create Instances of XML Data.

text and image data types

The text and image data types don’t support automatic data type conversion. You can explicitly convert text data to character data, and image data to binary or varbinary, but the maximum length is 8000 bytes. If you try an incorrect conversion, for example trying to convert a character expression that includes letters to an int, [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] returns an error message.

When the CAST or CONVERT functions output a character string, and they receive a character string input, the output has the same collation and collation label as the input. If the input isn’t a character string, the output has the default collation of the database, and a collation label of coercible-default. For more information, see Collation Precedence (Transact-SQL).

To assign a different collation to the output, apply the COLLATE clause to the result expression of the CAST or CONVERT function. For example:

Truncating and rounding results

When converting character or binary expressions (binary, char, nchar, nvarchar, varbinary, or varchar) to an expression of a different data type, the conversion operation could truncate the output data, only partially display the output data, or return an error. These cases will occur if the result is too short to display. Conversions to binary, char, nchar, nvarchar, varbinary, or varchar are truncated, except for the conversions shown in the following table.

From data type To data type Result
int, smallint, or tinyint char
varchar
Too short to display
nchar
nvarchar
Error 1
money, smallmoney, numeric, decimal, float, or real char
varchar
Error 1
nchar
nvarchar
Error 1

1 Error returned because result length is too short to display.

[!INCLUDEssNoVersion] guarantees that only roundtrip conversions, in other words conversions that convert a data type from its original data type and back again, yield the same values from version to version. The following example shows such a roundtrip conversion:

[!WARNING]
Don’t construct binary values, and then convert them to a data type of the numeric data type category. [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] does not guarantee that the result of a decimal or numeric data type conversion, to binary, will be the same between versions of [!INCLUDEssNoVersion].

The following example shows a resulting expression that is too small to display.

When you convert data types that differ in decimal places, [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] will sometimes return a truncated result value, and at other times it will return a rounded value. This table shows the behavior.

From To Behavior
numeric numeric Round
numeric int Truncate
numeric money Round
money int Round
money numeric Round
float int Truncate
float numeric Round 1
float datetime Round
datetime int Round

1 Conversion of float values that use scientific notation to decimal or numeric is restricted to values of precision 17 digits only. Any value with precision higher than 17 rounds to zero.

For example, the values 10.6496 and -10.6496 may be truncated or rounded during conversion to int or numeric types:

Results of the query are shown in the following table:

trunc1 trunc2 round1 round2
10 -10 11 -11

When converting data types where the target data type has fewer decimal places than the source data type, the value is rounded. For example, this conversion returns $10.3497 :

[!INCLUDEssNoVersion] returns an error message when converting nonnumeric char, nchar, nvarchar, or varchar data to decimal, float, int, numeric. [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] also returns an error when an empty string (» «) is converted to numeric or decimal.

Certain datetime conversions are nondeterministic

The styles for which the string-to-datetime conversion is nondeterministic are as follows:

  • All styles below 100 1
  • 106
  • 107
  • 109
  • 113
  • 130

1 With the exception of styles 20 and 21

 

Supplementary characters (surrogate pairs)

Starting with [!INCLUDEssSQL11], when using supplementary character (SC) collations, a CAST operation from nchar or nvarchar to an nchar or nvarchar type of smaller length won’t truncate inside a surrogate pair. Instead, the operation truncates before the supplementary character. For example, the following code fragment leaves @x holding just ‘ab’ . There isn’t enough space to hold the supplementary character.

When using SC collations, the behavior of CONVERT , is analogous to that of CAST . For more information, see Collation and Unicode Support — Supplementary Characters.

In earlier versions of [!INCLUDEssNoVersion], the default style for CAST and CONVERT operations on time and datetime2 data types is 121, except when either type is used in a computed column expression. For computed columns, the default style is 0. This behavior impacts computed columns when they are created, used in queries involving auto-parameterization, or used in constraint definitions.

Under compatibility level 110 and higher, the CAST and CONVERT operations on the time and datetime2 data types always have 121 as the default style. If a query relies on the old behavior, use a compatibility level less than 110, or explicitly specify the 0 style in the affected query.

Compatibility level value Default style for CAST and CONVERT 1 Default style for computed column
< 110 121 0
> = 110 121 121

1 Except for computed columns

Upgrading the database to compatibility level 110 and higher won’t change user data that has been stored to disk. You must manually correct this data as appropriate. For example, if you used SELECT INTO to create a table from a source containing a computed column expression described above, the data (using style 0) would be stored rather than the computed column definition itself. You must manually update this data to match style 121.

A. Use both CAST and CONVERT

These examples retrieve the name of the product, for those products that have a 3 as the first digit of list price, and converts their ListPrice values to int.

[!INCLUDEssResult] The sample result set is the same for both CAST and CONVERT .

B. Use CAST with arithmetic operators

This example calculates a single column computation ( Computed ) by dividing the total year-to-date sales ( SalesYTD ) by the commission percentage ( CommissionPCT ). This value is rounded to the nearest whole number and is then CAST to an int data type.

C. Use CAST to concatenate

This example concatenates noncharacter expressions by using CAST . It uses the AdventureWorksDW2019 database.

D. Use CAST to produce more readable text

This example uses CAST in the SELECT list, to convert the Name column to a char(10) column. It uses the AdventureWorksDW2019 database.

E. Use CAST with the LIKE clause

This example converts the money column SalesYTD values to data type int, and then to data type char(20), so that the LIKE clause can use it.

F. Use CONVERT or CAST with typed XML

These examples show use of CONVERT to convert data to typed XML, by using the XML Data Type and Columns (SQL Server).

This example converts a string with white space, text and markup into typed XML, and removes all insignificant white space (boundary white space between nodes):

This example converts a similar string with white space, text and markup into typed XML and preserves insignificant white space (boundary white space between nodes):

This example casts a string with white space, text, and markup into typed XML:

G. Use CAST and CONVERT with datetime data

Starting with GETDATE() values, this example displays the current date and time, uses CAST to change the current date and time to a character data type, and then uses CONVERT to display the date and time in the ISO 8601 format.

This example is approximately the opposite of the previous example. This example displays a date and time as character data, uses CAST to change the character data to the datetime data type, and then uses CONVERT to change the character data to the datetime data type.

H. Use CONVERT with binary and character data

These examples show the results of binary and character data conversion, using different styles.

This example shows that Style 1 can force result truncation. The characters 0x in the result set force the truncation.

This example shows that Style 2 doesn’t truncate the result, because the result doesn’t include the characters 0x.

Convert the character value ‘Name’ to a binary value.

I. Convert date and time data types

This example shows the conversion of date, time, and datetime data types.

Ensure the values are within a compatible range when considering a conversion from date to datetime or datetime2. The minimum year value for datetime is 1753 , while the minimum year value is 0001 for date and datetime2.

J. Use CONVERT with datetime data in different formats

Starting with GETDATE() values, this example uses CONVERT to display of all the date and time styles in section Date and Time styles of this article.

Format # Example query Sample result
0 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 0) Aug 23 2019 1:39PM
1 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 1) 08/23/19
2 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 2) 19.08.23
3 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 3) 23/08/19
4 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 4) 23.08.19
5 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 5) 23-08-19
6 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 6) 23 Aug 19
7 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 7) Aug 23, 19
8 or 24 or 108 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 8) 13:39:17
9 or 109 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 9) Aug 23 2019 1:39:17:090PM
10 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 10) 08-23-19
11 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 11) 19/08/23
12 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 12) 190823
13 or 113 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 13) 23 Aug 2019 13:39:17:090
14 or 114 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 14) 13:39:17:090
20 or 120 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 20) 2019-08-23 13:39:17
21 or 25 or 121 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 21) 2019-08-23 13:39:17.090
22 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 22) 08/23/19 1:39:17 PM
23 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 23) 2019-08-23
101 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 101) 08/23/2019
102 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 102) 2019.08.23
103 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 103) 23/08/2019
104 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 104) 23.08.2019
105 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 105) 23-08-2019
106 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 106) 23 Aug 2019
107 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 107) Aug 23, 2019
110 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 110) 08-23-2019
111 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 111) 2019/08/23
112 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 112) 20190823
113 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 113) 23 Aug 2019 13:39:17.090
120 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 120) 2019-08-23 13:39:17
121 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 121) 2019-08-23 13:39:17.090
126 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 126) 2019-08-23T13:39:17.090
127 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 127) 2019-08-23T13:39:17.090
130 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 130) 22 ذو الحجة 1440 1:39:17.090P
131 SELECT CONVERT(NVARCHAR, GETDATE(), 131) 22/12/1440 1:39:17.090PM

K. Effects of data type precedence in allowed conversions

The following example defines a variable of type varchar(10), assigns an integer value to the variable, then selects a concatenation of the variable with a string.

The int value of 1 was converted to a varchar.

This example shows a similar query, using an int variable instead:

In this case, the SELECT statement will throw the following error:

In order to evaluate the expression @notastring + ‘ is not a string.’ , [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] needs to follow the rules of data type precedence to complete the implicit conversion before the result of the expression can be calculated. Because int has a higher precedence than varchar, [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] attempts to convert the string to an integer and fails because this string can’t be converted to an integer.

If we provide a string that can be converted, the statement will succeed, as seen in the following example:

In this case, the string ‘1’ can be converted to the integer value 1, so this SELECT statement will return the value 2. When the data types provided are integers, the + operator becomes addition mathematical operator, rather than a string concatenation.

L. Use CAST and CONVERT

This example retrieves the name of the product for those products that have a 3 in the first digit of their list price, and converts the ListPrice of these products to int. It uses the AdventureWorksDW2019 database.

This example shows the same query, using CONVERT instead of CAST . It uses the AdventureWorksDW2019 database.

M. Use CAST with arithmetic operators

This example calculates a single column value by dividing the product unit price ( UnitPrice ) by the discount percentage ( UnitPriceDiscountPct ). This result is then rounded to the nearest whole number, and finally converted to an int data type. This example uses the AdventureWorksDW2019 database.

N. Use CAST with the LIKE clause

This example converts the money column ListPrice to an int type, and then to a char(20) type, so that the LIKE clause can use it. This example uses the AdventureWorksDW2019 database.

O. Use CAST and CONVERT with datetime data

This example displays the current date and time, uses CAST to change the current date and time to a character data type, and finally uses CONVERT display the date and time in the ISO 8601 format. This example uses the AdventureWorksDW2019 database.

This example is the rough opposite of the previous example. This example displays a date and time as character data, uses CAST to change the character data to the datetime data type, and then uses CONVERT to change the character data to the datetime data type. This example uses the AdventureWorksDW2019 database.

How To Use SQL to Convert a STRING to an INT

Using SQL to convert a string to an int is used in a variety of situations. You may have text data that you cannot alter at the source and you need to get some accurate answers from it. You may also have text data that you want to insert to an integer column. There could be other reasons too.

There is an easy solution to this and I will show you examples in both SQL Server and MySQL.

How to Convert a String to Number Using T-SQL in SQL Server

Let us create some data first to demonstrate this:

If I create some data like the following and then try to order it from lowest number to highest, the results are not output as I need them to.

Of course the database doesn’t know this and outputs them correctly as it is text data.

CREATE TABLE t1
(txt VARCHAR(10))

SELECT *
FROM t1
ORDER BY txt;

sql convert string to int

I need to use some additional sql to convert the string values to integers. So I will use the CONVERT() function to do this for me.
[sourcecode language=’sql’]

SELECT *
FROM t1
ORDER BY CONVERT(INT, txt);

Now the results are output correctly:

sql convert string to int with convert function

You can see there is a slight change in the execution plans here with the conversion of the string data to a number happening in the second plan:

sql convert string to int execution plan

How to Convert a String to Number Using in MySQL

This is also possible with MySQL, the code above containing CONVERT() no longer works, instead it can be written as follows:

[sourcecode language=’sql’]
SELECT *
FROM t1
ORDER BY CONVERT(txt, SIGNED INTEGER);
[/sourcecode]

Ordering the above query without the CONVERT does not alter the execution plan.

I hope you found this post useful ��

About Andy Hayes

Andy Hayes is a DBA working with SQL Server since version 7.0. He has a wonderful wife and two beautiful children. He loves database technology, playing cricket, and blogging. He is passionate about sharing his experiences as a DBA and learning more to further his understanding and knowledge. You can follow me on Twitter, check out my Facebook page or follow me on Google+

 

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